Use more consistent capitalization and typography

Add `karma` and `upgrade`. Reorder alphabetically.

Removed extraneous space in **Viewing errors in logfiles**

Reading for content; editing for consistency.

Reading for content; editing for consistency.

Reading for content; editing for consistency.

Reading for content; editing for consistency.

Reading for content; editing for consistency.

Reading for content; editing for consistency.

Clarify Nodejs instruction line.

Reading for content; editing for consistency.

Edit to paragraph format rather than short lines.

 1. The prefix is useful to know.
 2. The full list contains distractions and makes the page feel less authoritative.
 3. New/future projects aren't likely to go into JIRA.

The `HR` project in issues.civicrm.org was used for CiviHR 1.0-1.4.  When
the project was transferred to Compucorp, they moved issue-tracking to a
private system.  The JIRA `HR` project only exists for historical purposes.

https://wiki.civicrm.org/confluence/display/CRM/Pull-Request+Process

https://github.com/civicrm/civicrm-core/blob/master/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md

https://wiki.civicrm.org/confluence/display/CRMDOC/Git+Commit+Messages+for+CiviCRM

This isn't exactly an import. More of a re-write.

https://wiki.civicrm.org/confluence/display/CRMDOC/Contributing+to+CiviCRM+using+GitHub

Make the warning about running Ubuntu installation as root slightly more dire.

and reminding everyone to always use buildkit

ref:
https://github.com/civicrm/civicrm-dev-docs/pull/217#issuecomment-314945998

ref:
https://github.com/civicrm/civicrm-dev-docs/pull/217#discussion_r127111272

Add links for phpstorm xdebug configuration